SOURCES:
Linda Van Horn, PhD, RD, chief of nutrition; professor, department of preventive medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
Donald Boyd, MD, RDN, assistant professor of medicine, Yale School of Medicine.
Jerlyn Jones, RDN, spokesperson, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
FDA: “FDA 101: Dietary Supplements,” “Vitamin and Mineral Chart,” “Watch Out for False Promises About So-Called Alzheimer’s Cures,” “How to Report a Problem with Dietary Supplements.”
Nutrients: “The Evolving Role of Multivitamin/Multimineral Supplement Use among Adults in the Age of Personalized Nutrition.”
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: “Vitamins and Minerals,” “Ginkgo,” “Using Dietary Supplements Wisely.”
Eatright.org: “Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements: Do You Need to Take Them?” “Is Your Body Trying To Tell You Something? Common Nutrient Inadequacies and Deficiencies.”
National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements: “Multivitamin/mineral Supplements,” “Vitamin B12,” “Folate,” “Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know,” “Omega-3 Fatty Acids,” “Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ).”
Harvard Health Publishing, Harvard Medical School: “Taking too much vitamin D can cloud its benefits and create health risks,” “The complicated relationship between fish oil and heart health.”
Merck Manual: “Celiac Disease.”
Mayo Clinic: “Vitamin B-12.”
Johns Hopkins Medicine: “Vegan Food Guide,” “Is There Really Any Benefit to Multivitamins?”
Rush University Medical Center: “6 Signs of Nutrient Deficiency.”
American Lung Association: “Antioxidants: Lung Cancer’s Friend or Foe?”
Andrologia: “The excessive use of antioxidant therapy: A possible cause of male infertility?”
Circulation: “Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association.”
National Eye Institute: “For the Public: What the AREDS Means for You.”
World Journal of Diabetes: “Excess vitamin intake: An unrecognized risk factor for obesity.”